A window into the churches that have supported London's population for many years
This London walking tour explains the role that churches have played to support London.
The information below is a summary - more facts and figures are provided on a curated walk.
The Church of England is made up of 41 dioceses. Each diocese is divided into parishes. The Diocese of London is part of the worldwide Anglican Communion, as the group of Church of England organisations located in London north of the River Thames, across 18 of London's Boroughs.
It is estimated that there are approximately 2,000 Anglican churches across Greater London today, along with other places of worship.
The Square Mile of the City of London has about 50 churches. They are a core part of the City's societal and architectural heritage and they continue to provide places of worship and reflection for people. Many contain some very interesting historical artefacts and exhibits. This Walk focuses on some of these churches.
One of the features to bear in mind about the City of London is that, whilst there is constant development that takes place in the name of commerce and global finance in particular, it retains its churches at the heart of its fabric, nestled as they are next to modern skyscrapers and within the hustle and bustle of trade and business.
Whilst many still exist, many of London's churches have been lost. You can read about the Lost London Churches project here.
The dissolution of the monasteries in England and Wales took place in the mid-1530s
For hundreds of years throughout the Middle Ages, London’s various monasteries and convents played a significant part in the daily life of people living in the city (as they did elsewhere in England and Wales). Some were significant in size, their monastic churches a dominant part of the skyline. Several served as London’s hospitals, and many of London’s population lived or worked within them. The closure and dismantling of the monasteries in less than a decade, under the orders of Henry VIII with Thomas Cromwell a key agent, was one of the most momentous changes in London’s history (and for England and Wales).
A map of churches in the City of London
In the year of 1666, there were about 110 parish churches, as well as Livery Company, civic and private chapels, in the City of London. 80 were destroyed (along with an estimated 13,200 other buildings) in the Great Fire of that September. 51 were rebuilt under the direction of Sir Christopher Wren and his office. Some 50 survive today within or near the boundaries of the City of London, nestled within the modern buildings and infrastructure.
You can see a full map of churches in the City of London here.
St. Dunstan-in-the-West has a long history. Visitors are often struck by how St. Dunstan’s differs in appearance and style to other Anglican churches. The church looks traditionally Neo-Gothic on the outside, yet is octagonal inside.
Read about its community support during the Great Plague of 1665...
St Bride’s Church is a great example of a Wren church and a fascinating historic site in London. The journalist's church has some great stories to tell and a wonderful crypt to explore.
If you are lucky enough to experience its choir, you will find it to be a real treat...
The church of St Martin within Ludgate has some fascinating aspects to its interior.
Notable woodwork includes the original reredos, communion table, communion rails and pulpit, plus an unusual chair...
There has been a worshipping community at Holy Sepulchre since at least 1137 when a charter records that Rahere (the founder of St. Bartholomew’s Hospital) appointed ‘Hagno the Clerk’ as priest of Holy Sepulchre...
London's oldest parish church, dating back to 1123. As you would expect, there is a large amount of history to this place.
It has also featured in some major films and TV dramas...
The first cathedral established in 604 CE.
Old St Paul's was larger than the current one.
The current cathedral designed by Sir Christopher Wren was built between 1675 and 1711 after the previous (larger) cathedral was burnt down in the Great Fire of 1666...
This church has been altered, enlarged and restored many times and probably rebuilt at least twice, the last time by Sir Christopher Wren, after the Great Fire of London in 1666. ..
The first church on this site was built on the western edge of what was at the time a Jewish trading area. There was a significant Jewish community in the area until the time of being expelled expelled by Edward I in 1290...
The medieval church of St Mary-le-Bow survived three collapses before it was destroyed in the Great Fire of 1666. Rebuilt by Sir Christopher Wren, it was destroyed again in 1941, rebuilt and re-consecrated in 1964...
The Walbrook is one of London's lost rivers, now underground. Much history surrounds this local area dating back to Roman times and before. This church was Wren's own parish church, and it is one of my favourites...
The position of St Mary Woolnoth and St Edmund the King churches in Lombard Street provided a platform for values, practices that are both above markets but also very much inherent to markets that brings fairness and flourishing to people...
In 1210 the Dean and Chapter of St Paul's give permission for a certain William to establish a nunnery in the grounds of the priory church of St Helen of the Benedictine Order...
Destroyed by an IRA bomb in 1993, resurrected as a centre for reconciliation and peace in 2002, St Ethelburga's is a symbol of hope from the ashes...
The original Saxon church, the foundations of which were discovered when the present church was erected, is first mentioned as “Sancti Botolfi Extra Bishopesgate” in 1212. There's a great extract by Daniel Defoe about the church during the Great Plague of 1665...
St Margaret Patterns is a City Guild Church that was first recorded in 1067, at which time the church was probably built from wood.
Pattens are a type of "old overshoe". You can find out more inside the church...
St Dunstan in the East Church Garden is a truly delightful space set within the ruins of a Wren church.
The Church of St Dunstan was originally built around 1100 and is a Grade I listed building...
St Olave Hart Street is one of the few mediaeval churches to survive the Great Fire of London. It is the burial place of Samuel Pepys and his wife Elizabeth. The diaries of Samuel Pepys provide the most vivid first-hand account of the fire of 1666 and subsequent life...
St Magnus church is at the head of the old London Bridge on the City side. It was Sir Christopher Wren’s most expensive parish church and the first to be visited by people crossing into the City. There is a marvellous model of Old London Bridge inside...
If this information inspires you to discover more about London and its churches, get in touch - there's a lot more to say about them...